Toenail fungus, also known as onychomycosis, is a common condition that occurs when a fungal infection affects one or more of your toenails. The infection can be caused by various types of fungi, including dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds. It often starts as a white or yellow spot under the tip of the toenail and, as the infection progresses, it can cause the toenail to discolor, thicken, and crumble at the edges.
### Symptoms
- Discolored nails (white, yellow, or brown)
- Thickened nails
- Brittle or crumbly nails
- Distorted nail shape
- A foul odor from the infected nail
- Separation of the nail from the nail bed
### Causes
Toenail fungus can develop from:
- Warm, moist environments (such as sweaty shoes)
- Walking barefoot in damp public places (like swimming pools and locker rooms)
- Having a minor skin or nail injury
- Weakened immune system
- Diabetes or other circulatory issues
### Treatment
Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the infection and may include:
- Over-the-counter antifungal nail creams and ointments
- Prescription oral antifungal medications
- Medicated nail polish
- Laser treatment
- In severe cases, surgical removal of the nail
### Prevention
To prevent toenail fungus:
- Keep your feet clean and dry
- Wear breathable socks and shoes
- Avoid walking barefoot in public places
- Trim your nails regularly and keep them short
- Disinfect nail clippers and other pedicure tools after each use
If you suspect you have a toenail fungus, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.
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